Structure of earnings statistics, October 2023
For October 2023, women earned 4.5% less net than men
Average monthly gross earnings of persons in paid employment by legal and natural persons in Slovenia for October 2023 amounted to EUR 2,187.98. As regards the cohesion region of employment, in Vzhodna Slovenija they were 7.3% lower and in Zahodna Slovenija 5.9% higher than the national average.
Almost two thirds of persons in paid employment received average monthly gross earnings lower than the national average
According to the data of structure of earnings statistics, for October 2023, 64.0% of a total of 813,906 persons in paid employment in Slovenia had average monthly gross earnings below the national average.
The median of monthly gross earnings, which divides the population into two halves, was EUR 1,839.50 (EUR 1,885.94 for men and EUR 1,786.64 for women), meaning that half of the persons in paid employment had average monthly net earnings lower than EUR 1,839.50. On the other hand, only 10% of the persons in paid employment received average monthly gross earnings higher than EUR 3,574.73, while only 1% had average monthly gross earnings higher than EUR 7,131.64.
At natural persons, the highest net earnings in the age group 45–54 years, at legal persons in the age group 65+
In Slovenia, persons in paid employment received on average EUR 1,424.78 net, men 2.1% more and women 2.5% less. Average monthly net earnings of persons in paid employment by legal persons were EUR 1,452.97, and of persons in paid employment by natural persons EUR 965.65. At natural persons, the highest average net earnings were paid in the age group 45–54 years (EUR 999.36), and at legal persons in the age group 65 years or more.
Although women aged 65 or more in paid employment both by legal persons and by natural persons earned more than men, the difference among persons in paid employment by natural persons was much higher, as women here earned 18.2% more than men. The difference in average net earnings of women and men in paid employment by legal persons was 1.4% in favour of women.
Women earned the most net in the public and private sectors in Osrednjeslovenska and the least in the private sector in Primorska
For October 2023, women in Slovenia earned on average EUR 1,389.09 net or 4.5% less than men. In both the public and private sectors, women received the highest monthly net earnings in the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region (EUR 1,654.36 in the former and EUR 1,417.99 in the latter). Women in the Zasavska statistical region earned the least in the public sector, as much as 12.3% less than women in the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region. In the private sector, the difference was even larger, as women in the Primorska statistical region, with on average the lowest net earnings in Slovenia (EUR 1,112.77), received 21.5% less than women in the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region.
The highest gender pay gap among persons in paid employmet in Slovenia with higher education
Average monthly net earnings of women with basic education or less for October 2023 were 10.2% lower than that of men, those with upper secondary education by 12.1% and those with tertiary education by 15.9%. This trend is unique to the private sector, while the opposite is true in the public sector, where the gender pay gap is highest among those with the lowest education (21.3%) and decreases to those with the highest education, where women on average received 16.4% less net than men.
Women had higher net earnings only in the age group 65+
Average monthly earnings increase with age. For October 2023, persons in paid employment aged 65 or more earned EUR 1,688.03 net, which is 64.2% more than persons in paid employment in the age group 15–24 and 18.5% more than the national average. Interestingly, among persons in paid employment aged 65 or more, women earned on average more net than men (by 2.4%). Average monthly net earnings of women aged 65 or more were EUR 1,715.23.
Tables with the latest data are available in the SiStat Database.
According to the data of structure of earnings statistics, for October 2023, 64.0% of a total of 813,906 persons in paid employment in Slovenia had average monthly gross earnings below the national average.
The median of monthly gross earnings, which divides the population into two halves, was EUR 1,839.50 (EUR 1,885.94 for men and EUR 1,786.64 for women), meaning that half of the persons in paid employment had average monthly net earnings lower than EUR 1,839.50. On the other hand, only 10% of the persons in paid employment received average monthly gross earnings higher than EUR 3,574.73, while only 1% had average monthly gross earnings higher than EUR 7,131.64.
At natural persons, the highest net earnings in the age group 45–54 years, at legal persons in the age group 65+
In Slovenia, persons in paid employment received on average EUR 1,424.78 net, men 2.1% more and women 2.5% less. Average monthly net earnings of persons in paid employment by legal persons were EUR 1,452.97, and of persons in paid employment by natural persons EUR 965.65. At natural persons, the highest average net earnings were paid in the age group 45–54 years (EUR 999.36), and at legal persons in the age group 65 years or more.
Although women aged 65 or more in paid employment both by legal persons and by natural persons earned more than men, the difference among persons in paid employment by natural persons was much higher, as women here earned 18.2% more than men. The difference in average net earnings of women and men in paid employment by legal persons was 1.4% in favour of women.
Women earned the most net in the public and private sectors in Osrednjeslovenska and the least in the private sector in Primorska
For October 2023, women in Slovenia earned on average EUR 1,389.09 net or 4.5% less than men. In both the public and private sectors, women received the highest monthly net earnings in the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region (EUR 1,654.36 in the former and EUR 1,417.99 in the latter). Women in the Zasavska statistical region earned the least in the public sector, as much as 12.3% less than women in the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region. In the private sector, the difference was even larger, as women in the Primorska statistical region, with on average the lowest net earnings in Slovenia (EUR 1,112.77), received 21.5% less than women in the Osrednjeslovenska statistical region.
The highest gender pay gap among persons in paid employmet in Slovenia with higher education
Average monthly net earnings of women with basic education or less for October 2023 were 10.2% lower than that of men, those with upper secondary education by 12.1% and those with tertiary education by 15.9%. This trend is unique to the private sector, while the opposite is true in the public sector, where the gender pay gap is highest among those with the lowest education (21.3%) and decreases to those with the highest education, where women on average received 16.4% less net than men.
Women had higher net earnings only in the age group 65+
Average monthly earnings increase with age. For October 2023, persons in paid employment aged 65 or more earned EUR 1,688.03 net, which is 64.2% more than persons in paid employment in the age group 15–24 and 18.5% more than the national average. Interestingly, among persons in paid employment aged 65 or more, women earned on average more net than men (by 2.4%). Average monthly net earnings of women aged 65 or more were EUR 1,715.23.
Tables with the latest data are available in the SiStat Database.
Average montly gross earnings by employment status and sex, Slovenia, October 2023
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Average monthly net earnings by age groups and field of education (KLASIUS-SRV), Slovenia, October 2023
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METHODOLOGICAL NOTE
In accordance with the plan for upgrading statistical surveys on earnings, we switched to the new administrative data source with the data of structure of earnings statistics for 2023. The data show average monthly earnings for October, as the representative month, while for calculating average monthly gross earnings, we used data from the withholding tax calculation for income from which withholding tax and/or social security contributions are calculated (REK-O form).
Thus, in the tables with separate presentation of data for persons in paid employment by legal persons, the data of structure of earnings statistics are comparable to the monthly data on earnings of persons in paid employment by legal persons for October, as both are calculated from the same (new) data source.
With the data for 2023, there was a break in the time series, as we used another source until 2022 (for provisional data, preliminary control data and final personal income tax data, which were on an annual basis). In addition, due to the annual periodicity of the source, only persons in paid employment who performed the same occupation throughout the observed year, full-time (i.e. at least 36 hours per week) and for the same employer (if the latter performed the same activity throughout the whole year), and received at least 90% of the annual minimum wage in the observed year. To calculate average monthly earnings in structure of earnings statistics, until 2022, data on annual incomes from earnings, wage compensation and work-related expense reimbursements (income tax type code 1101) and payment for business performance (income tax type code 1111), which we calculated per month, were used.
Additional explanations are available in the methodological explanations.
Thus, in the tables with separate presentation of data for persons in paid employment by legal persons, the data of structure of earnings statistics are comparable to the monthly data on earnings of persons in paid employment by legal persons for October, as both are calculated from the same (new) data source.
With the data for 2023, there was a break in the time series, as we used another source until 2022 (for provisional data, preliminary control data and final personal income tax data, which were on an annual basis). In addition, due to the annual periodicity of the source, only persons in paid employment who performed the same occupation throughout the observed year, full-time (i.e. at least 36 hours per week) and for the same employer (if the latter performed the same activity throughout the whole year), and received at least 90% of the annual minimum wage in the observed year. To calculate average monthly earnings in structure of earnings statistics, until 2022, data on annual incomes from earnings, wage compensation and work-related expense reimbursements (income tax type code 1101) and payment for business performance (income tax type code 1111), which we calculated per month, were used.
Additional explanations are available in the methodological explanations.
When making use of the data and information of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, always add: "Source: SURS". More: Copyright.
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