Experimental statistics: Satellite accounts for education, 2018–2020

Formal education represented 73%–78% of total supply and expenditure of education and training services

Output or supply and, on the other hand, expenditure or use of education and training services on the territory of Slovenia was estimated at EUR 2,892 million in 2018, EUR 3,065 million in 2019 and EUR 2,903 million in 2020, based on the firstly prepared satellite accounts for education (SAET). In 2018 and 2019, this represented 6.3%, and in 2020 6.2% of GDP. The largest share in the entire supply and expenditure on education and training was represented by formal education: basic education between 31% and 34%, preschool education around 16%, tertiary education between 14% and 15%, and upper-secondary education around 12%. Among the areas of non-formal education, the largest share was represented by other education and vocational training, which includes the activity of driving schools and education programs not classified elsewhere (10%–11%). Education in the field of culture, sports and recreation reached around 4%, education in companies for their own employees 4%–7%, and education-related products and services around 5%.

General government sector contributed 80%–82% of all education and training services on the domestic market

From the point of view of suppliers of education and training services on the domestic market, the institutional sector of general government contributed the largest part, around 80%–82% of all services. Within this, the output of the central government represented 32%–34%, and the output of the local government 46%–50%. Market producers provided around 13%–14% of educational services, and non-profit institutions serving households (NPISH) 2%–3%. In the structure of the supply, imports represented around 1%, and the remaining share was taxes on products (around 1.5%). The general government sector was the largest supplier, especially in the field of formal education, where it had a share of around 95%. In the field of non-formal education, its share was around 42% (in 2020 slightly lower, 35%).

Final consumption expenditure of the general government sector represented 73%–76% of total expenditure on education and training

The largest share of total expenditure on education and training was final consumption expenditure of the domestic sectors, i.e. 90%–91%. In 2018–2020, they were realized as follows according to the user sectors: 73%–76% of total expenditure were expenditure of the general government sector (central government 29%–31%, local government 42%–47%), 14%–16% were expenditure of the household sector, and around 1% of the NPISH sector. Expenditure for intermediate consumption of market sectors accounted for 8%–10%, and exports for 0.2%–0.4%. In the case of formal education, the general government sector expenditure accounted for almost 90% of total expenditure, and for non-formal education 29%–35%.

General government sector had the majority share also by financing of education and training

In order to calculate the final financing of education and training by sector, in addition to the direct expenditure of individual consumer sectors, transfer flows between sectors of the economy are also taken into account, which take place in the form of current and capital transfers and scholarships. The data calculated in this way for 2018–2020 show that the general government sector financed 77%–82% of total expenditure on education and training services (central government 63%–67%, local government 14%–15%). The household sector financed 10%–12%, market producers 7%–9%, NPISH about 1%, and rest of the world (exports) 0.2%–0.4% of total expenditure.

The largest share of current domestic expenditure was represented by compensation of employees

In the cost structure for the production of education and training services, the largest share of current domestic expenditure was represented by compensation of employees, 68%–73% of these costs, 21%–25% of costs were intended for intermediate consumption, and the remaining part referred to the costs of consumption of fixed capital and other net taxes on production. Gross fixed capital formation in educational industries in 2018, 2019 and 2020 amounted to EUR 273 million, EUR 300 million and EUR 322 million, respectively, which was 3.1%–3.6% of the value of all gross fixed capital formation in the economy.