Labour migrations, 2022
One in two persons in employment commuted to work to another municipality
In the last six years, Osrednjeslovenska has been the only statistical region with more workplaces than persons in employment living in it. In 2022, the number of labour migrants between municipalities increased by a tenth of a percentage point.
Key statistics of the survey:
Very labour-oriented municipalities are those in which the number of workplaces is at least 16% higher than the number of persons in employment living in them, so they have a surplus of workplaces. At the end of 2022, there were 17 such municipalities, the municipality Rogaška Slatina, which was in the previous year classified as a moderately labour-oriented municipality, became one of them.
Among very labour-oriented municipalities, the municipality that particularly stood out is Trzin, which had three and a half times as many workplaces as persons in employment living in it. Daily or otherwise around 5,500 persons in employment commuted to work in Trzin, while around 1,300 persons in employment with residence in municipality Trzin commuted to work in other municipalities. Trzin is the third smallest municipality, but it is in front of the others in terms of the number of workplaces. Šempeter - Vrtojba, Nazarje, Ljubljana and Murska Sobota also had about twice as many workplaces as the number of persons in employment living in them.
Very residential municipalities are those in which the share of workplaces is 36% lower than the number of persons in employment living in them, so they have a shortage of workplaces. At the end of 2022, there were 31 such municipalities, one more than in the previous year. This category mainly includes smaller municipalities, where no municipality has more than 3,000 persons in employment with residence in it and does not reach 1,000 workplaces.
Ljubljana is the most burdened by labour migration
At the end of 2022, almost 505,000 persons in employment commuted to work in another municipality, which is 55.2%.
Labour migration usually takes place in both directions: »migration from the municipality« (persons in employment who work outside the municipality of residence) or »migration into the municipality« (persons in employment commute to work from other municipalities). How common these migrations are depends on the population, on the number of workplaces in a particular municipality and on traffic connections.
The most intensive situation as regards labour migration is in Ljubljana, where daily or otherwise commute to work almost 141,300 persons (2,300 more than a year before) from other municipalities, while at the same time around 24,200 (190 more than a year before) persons in employment with residence in Ljubljana commute to work in other municipalities. The total flows of labour migrations of Ljubljana include around 165,500 persons in employment; however, migration flow to Ljubljana was much more intense. By the total flow of labour migrants, municipality Ljubljana was followed by municipalities Maribor, Celje, Kranj and Domžale.
Osrednjeslovenska remains the only statistical region with more workplaces than persons in employment living in it
Labour migrations between statistical regions are not as frequent as between municipalities because they cover a larger area. At the end of 2022, there were around 202,700 (or 22.1%) labour migrants between statistical regions.
The Osrednjeslovenska statistical region was in the last six years the only one with more workplaces than persons in employment living in it. In 2022, the surplus of workplaces in Osrednjeslovenska was 32.7%. The last time the Obalno-kraška statistical region had a surplus of workplaces was in 2016. After that, the labour migration index in the Obalno-kraška region decreased the most intensively, by 5.8 percentage points in the last six years.
The number of cross-border labour migrants from Croatia has grown substantially
At the end of 2022, there were over 12,800 cross-border labour migrants in Slovenia, which is two and a half times as many as a year before.
Foreign daily migrants are people who are citizens of neighbouring countries (Italy, Austria, Hungary or Croatia) and work in Slovenia but do not have a registered permanent or temporary residence in Slovenia. The data show that the total number of foreign daily migrants has increased, but Slovenia, as a target country for work, is not as interesting for Austrians and Italians although their numbers have also increased. Most foreigners commute daily to work in Slovenia from Croatia (almost 10,200), most of them men, women representing about a third.
Tables with the latest data are available in the SiStat Database.
- In 2022, municipality Trzin had three and a half times as many workplaces as persons in employment and thus remained at the top among very labour-oriented municipalities;
- 17 very labour-oriented municipalities; last year Rogaška Slatina became one of them;
- One in two persons in employment is a labour migrant between municipalities; their number is increasing (10,800 more than in the previous year);
- Osrednjeslovenska is the only one with more workplaces than persons in employment living in it;
- Two and a half times as many foreign daily migrants from neighbouring countries, most of them come from Croatia.
Very labour-oriented municipalities are those in which the number of workplaces is at least 16% higher than the number of persons in employment living in them, so they have a surplus of workplaces. At the end of 2022, there were 17 such municipalities, the municipality Rogaška Slatina, which was in the previous year classified as a moderately labour-oriented municipality, became one of them.
Among very labour-oriented municipalities, the municipality that particularly stood out is Trzin, which had three and a half times as many workplaces as persons in employment living in it. Daily or otherwise around 5,500 persons in employment commuted to work in Trzin, while around 1,300 persons in employment with residence in municipality Trzin commuted to work in other municipalities. Trzin is the third smallest municipality, but it is in front of the others in terms of the number of workplaces. Šempeter - Vrtojba, Nazarje, Ljubljana and Murska Sobota also had about twice as many workplaces as the number of persons in employment living in them.
Very residential municipalities are those in which the share of workplaces is 36% lower than the number of persons in employment living in them, so they have a shortage of workplaces. At the end of 2022, there were 31 such municipalities, one more than in the previous year. This category mainly includes smaller municipalities, where no municipality has more than 3,000 persons in employment with residence in it and does not reach 1,000 workplaces.
Ljubljana is the most burdened by labour migration
At the end of 2022, almost 505,000 persons in employment commuted to work in another municipality, which is 55.2%.
Labour migration usually takes place in both directions: »migration from the municipality« (persons in employment who work outside the municipality of residence) or »migration into the municipality« (persons in employment commute to work from other municipalities). How common these migrations are depends on the population, on the number of workplaces in a particular municipality and on traffic connections.
The most intensive situation as regards labour migration is in Ljubljana, where daily or otherwise commute to work almost 141,300 persons (2,300 more than a year before) from other municipalities, while at the same time around 24,200 (190 more than a year before) persons in employment with residence in Ljubljana commute to work in other municipalities. The total flows of labour migrations of Ljubljana include around 165,500 persons in employment; however, migration flow to Ljubljana was much more intense. By the total flow of labour migrants, municipality Ljubljana was followed by municipalities Maribor, Celje, Kranj and Domžale.
Osrednjeslovenska remains the only statistical region with more workplaces than persons in employment living in it
Labour migrations between statistical regions are not as frequent as between municipalities because they cover a larger area. At the end of 2022, there were around 202,700 (or 22.1%) labour migrants between statistical regions.
The Osrednjeslovenska statistical region was in the last six years the only one with more workplaces than persons in employment living in it. In 2022, the surplus of workplaces in Osrednjeslovenska was 32.7%. The last time the Obalno-kraška statistical region had a surplus of workplaces was in 2016. After that, the labour migration index in the Obalno-kraška region decreased the most intensively, by 5.8 percentage points in the last six years.
The number of cross-border labour migrants from Croatia has grown substantially
At the end of 2022, there were over 12,800 cross-border labour migrants in Slovenia, which is two and a half times as many as a year before.
Foreign daily migrants are people who are citizens of neighbouring countries (Italy, Austria, Hungary or Croatia) and work in Slovenia but do not have a registered permanent or temporary residence in Slovenia. The data show that the total number of foreign daily migrants has increased, but Slovenia, as a target country for work, is not as interesting for Austrians and Italians although their numbers have also increased. Most foreigners commute daily to work in Slovenia from Croatia (almost 10,200), most of them men, women representing about a third.
Tables with the latest data are available in the SiStat Database.
METHODOLOGICAL NOTE
In this survey the term »workplaces« represents the number of persons in employment by place of work and not the actual number of workplaces in a specific territorial unit.
When making use of the data and information of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, always add: "Source: SURS". More: Copyright.
.jpg)
